1. Drive drum diameter.

输送带绕过滚筒时会产生弯曲应力，引起带芯疲劳。其直径越小弯曲应力越大，显然增大滚筒直径有利于提高输送带使用的时长，但增大到一定值后，弯曲应力减小不明显，还会使设备(shèbèi)体积(volume)增大。因此，为保证输送带弯曲应力不致过大，应限制滚筒更小直径。选用驱动滚筒直径D的原则是：多层芯输送带采用机械接头时，D≥100i，mm(i为帆布层数);采用硫化接头时，基于接头是梯形搭接，容易在弯曲应力作用下剥离，故D≥125i，mm。整编芯输送带使用机械接头时，D≥K8，mm(k取决于带芯骨架材质的参数;8为带芯厚度，mm)。采用钢绳芯输送带时，D=(150～200)(t，mm(d为钢丝绳直径，mm)。换向滚筒直径根据驱动滚筒直径、受力百分数及输送带对滚筒围包角等条件确定。

When the conveyor belt bypasses the drum, it will produce bending stress, which will cause the belt core fatigue. The smaller the diameter is, the greater the bending stress is. Obviously, increasing the diameter of the drum is beneficial to improving the use time of the conveyor belt. However, when the diameter is increased to a certain value, the bending stress does not decrease obviously, and the volume of the equipment (SH è B è I) will increase. Therefore, in order to ensure that the bending stress of conveyor belt is not too large, the minimum diameter of drum should be limited. The principle of selecting the diameter D of driving drum is as follows: when mechanical joint is used for multi-layer core conveyor belt, D ≥ 100I, mm (I is the number of canvas layers); when vulcanized joint is used, because the joint is trapezoidal lap joint, it is easy to peel off under the action of bending stress, so D ≥ 125I, mm. When the mechanical joint is used for the integrated core conveyor belt, D ≥ K8, mm (k depends on the parameters of the core frame material; 8 is the core thickness, mm). When using steel cord conveyor belt, d = (150-200) (T, mm (D is the diameter of steel wire rope, mm). The diameter of the reversing drum is determined according to the driving drum diameter, the force percentage and the surrounding angle of the conveyor belt to the drum.

2 、托辊(gǔn)成槽角。

2. The groove angle of idler (g ǔ n) is formed.

承载分支通常采用三节托辊组成的槽形托辊组，其侧辊与中辊的夹角称为槽角。耐热输送带由多层橡胶棉帆布(涤棉布)或者聚酯帆布上下覆有耐高温或耐热橡胶、经高温硫化粘合在一起，适合输送175℃以下热焦碳、水泥、熔渣和热铸件等。在一定限度内，成槽角越大，则物流量(单位:立方米每秒)越大。但成槽角超过输送带本身的成槽能力时，空载运行时，输送带就不会紧贴中托辊，由此导致(cause)输送带边缘强烈磨损和不稳定运行;重载运行时，输送带在侧托辊与中托辊拐角处必然产生很大的折叠应力，使输送带纵向断裂或帆布层迅速的剥离。因此，在设要求托辊槽角必须与所选输送带的成槽能力相一致，在使用中更换新输送带时也应遵守这一原则。通常托辊成槽角取为30。当输送带成槽性能好，可以增大到35。

The bearing branch is usually composed of three roller troughs, and the angle between side roller and middle roller is called groove angle. The heat-resistant conveyor belt is composed of multi-layer rubber cotton canvas (polyester cotton cloth) or polyester canvas covered with high-temperature or heat-resistant rubber. It is suitable for conveying hot coke, cement, slag and hot casting below 175 ℃. Within a certain limit, the larger the groove angle, the greater the material flow (unit: cubic meters per second). However, when the grooving angle exceeds the grooving capacity of the conveyor belt itself, the conveyor belt will not cling to the middle idler during no-load operation, which leads to strong wear and unstable operation of the conveyor belt edge; under heavy load operation, the conveyor belt will inevitably produce a large folding stress at the corner of the side idler and the middle idler, which will cause the longitudinal fracture of the conveyor belt or the rapid peeling of the canvas layer. Therefore, it is required that the groove angle of idler must be consistent with the grooving capacity of the selected conveyor belt in design, and this principle should also be followed when replacing new conveyor belt in use. Generally, the grooving angle of idler is 30. When the conveyor belt has good grooving performance, it can be increased to 35.

3、过度段距离。

3. Over distance.

输送机的头、尾滚筒与组承载托辊(支撑输送带和物料重量)之间的输送带区段称为过渡段。橡胶输送带有耐热带、耐磨带、耐灼烧带、耐油带、耐碱带、耐碱带、耐热带、耐寒带等特性。 主要用于各矿山、冶金、钢铁、煤炭、水电、建材、化工、粮食等企业的固体物料输送。在过渡段输送带由槽形变成平行或者 由平行变成槽形，输送带边缘被拉伸产生附加拉应力。过度段长度越小附加的拉应力越大，使输送带边缘和侧托辊引起严重的磨损，由此输送带过早地出现疲劳现象，甚造成输送带边缘拉断。为使输送带边缘局部伸长不超过输送带使用伸长率，过渡段长度不应太小。对于纤维芯输送带，过渡段长度取为托辊间距的1.3倍;由于钢绳芯输送带的许用伸长率为0.2%，过渡段长度按公式L≥2.67cc B计算，其中B为带宽，m;d为托辊成槽角，rad。如果L值比承载托辊间距大得多，应在滚筒与组承载托辊之间，安装几个成槽角顺序变小的过渡托辊组，以防带垂和洒料。

The conveyor belt section between the head and tail rollers of the conveyor and the first group of carrying idlers (supporting conveyor belt and material weight) is called transition section. Rubber conveyor belt has the characteristics of heat resistance, wear resistance, burning resistance, oil resistance, alkali resistance, alkali resistance, tropical resistance and cold resistance. It is mainly used for conveying solid materials in mines, metallurgy, steel, coal, hydropower, building materials, chemical industry, grain and other enterprises. In the transition section, the conveyor belt changes from groove to parallel or from parallel to groove, and the edge of conveyor belt is stretched to produce additional tensile stress. The smaller the length of the transition section is, the greater the additional tensile stress will be, which will cause serious wear on the edge and side roller of the conveyor belt, which will lead to premature fatigue of the conveyor belt, and even cause the belt edge to break. The length of transition section should not be too small in order to make the local elongation of belt edge not exceed the elongation of conveyor belt. For fiber core conveyor belt, the length of transition section is taken as 1.3 times of idler spacing; since the allowable elongation of steel cord conveyor belt is 0.2%, the length of transition section is calculated according to the formula L ≥ 2.67cc B, where B is the bandwidth, m; D is the groove angle of idler, rad. If the L value is much larger than the distance between the bearing idlers, several transition idler groups with smaller groove angle should be installed between the roller and the first group of bearing idlers to prevent belt sagging and spraying.

4 、凸弧段半径。

4. Radius of convex arc.

输送机线路上带有凸弧段时，输送带通过(tōng guò)时其边缘也存在着很大的拉应力，致使输送带和托辊(支撑输送带和物料重量)过早破坏(vandalism)，故凸弧段半径不应太小。使用钢绳芯输送带时，凸弧段半径应不小于(75～

When there is a convex arc section on the conveyor line, the edge of the conveyor belt also has a great tensile stress when it passes through (t ō ng Gu ò), resulting in premature failure of the conveyor belt and idler (supporting the conveyor belt and material weight), so the radius of the convex arc section should not be too small. When using steel cord conveyor belt, the radius of convex arc section should not be less than (75 ～

85)B。

85)B。

5 、给料装置。

5. Feeding device.

给料装置的结构合理与否，很大程度上决定着输送带使用寿命。为了减轻物料对输送带的磨损和冲击应力，设计选用给料装置的技术要求f-1是：物料给到输送带上的速度大小和方向应与带速近似一致;尽量减小物料的落差，特别是要防止大块物料从很高处直接下落到输送带上;在给料装置内部应使物料形成自由的连续(Continuity)物流，并能使物料以正确的形状均匀地装到输送带中部，不允许有物料堆积和洒料现象;尽可能(maybe)先将粉料和细块卸到输送带上形成垫层，然后再装块料。在装载点还应设置缓冲托辊(支撑输送带和物料重量)组，以减小物料对输送带的冲击力，给料漏斗的安装位置必须保证物料落到两组缓冲托辊组之间，而不是落在某一组缓冲托辊上。

The structure of feeding device is reasonable or not, which largely determines the service life of conveyor belt. In order to reduce the wear and impact stress of the material on the conveyor belt, the technical requirements F-1 for the design and selection of the feeding device are as follows: the speed and direction of the material feeding to the conveyor belt should be approximately the same as the belt speed; the drop of materials should be minimized, especially the large materials should be prevented from falling directly onto the conveyor belt from a very high place; In the feeding device, the materials should form a free continuous logistics, and the materials can be evenly loaded into the middle of the conveyor belt in the correct shape, and there is no material accumulation and sprinkling phenomenon; as far as possible, the powder and fine blocks should be unloaded on the conveyor belt to form a cushion layer, and then the block materials can be loaded. A set of buffer idlers (supporting conveyor belt and material weight) should be set at the loading point to reduce the impact force of materials on the conveyor belt. The installation position of the feeding hopper must ensure that the materials fall between the two groups of buffer idlers, rather than on a certain group of buffer idlers.

6、输送机启动与制动方式。

6. Starting and braking mode of conveyor.

带式输送机在启动、制动过程(guò chéng)中，应使用软启动方式来控制起停车时的加减速度，以降低动应力。耐热输送带由多层橡胶棉帆布(涤棉布)或者聚酯帆布上下覆有耐高温或耐热橡胶、经高温硫化粘合在一起，适合输送175℃以下热焦碳、水泥、熔渣和热铸件等。对于一般中小型带式输送机，采用限矩型液力偶合器来实现软启动比较合理。对于长距离、大运量的大型带式 输送机，由于动张力很大，应使用可控软启动装置来延长启、制动时间，

In the process of starting and braking of belt conveyor, soft starting mode should be used to control the speed of acceleration and deceleration during starting and stopping, so as to reduce the dynamic stress. The heat-resistant conveyor belt is composed of multi-layer rubber cotton canvas (polyester cotton cloth) or polyester canvas covered with high-temperature or heat-resistant rubber. It is suitable for conveying hot coke, cement, slag and hot casting below 175 ℃. For general medium and small belt conveyor, it is reasonable to use torque limiting hydraulic coupling to realize soft start. For large belt conveyor with long distance and large capacity, the controllable soft start device should be used to extend the starting and braking time due to the large dynamic tension,